4: Climate Change
Control climate change through energy economics Other Information:
Finland’s national total targets for restricting greenhouse gas emissions are: * ending the growth in final energy consumption
and initiating its decline, so that final energy consumption in 2020 does not exceed 310 TWh, compared to 313 TWh in 2006.
* by 2020, the share of renewable energy must be 38% of final energy consumption, which equals an increase of 9.5% in renewable
energy use compared to 2005, * with respect to transport fuels, a target will be set for the year 2020 only, requiring that
renewable energy sources account for at least 10 per cent of final energy consumption for transport in 2020, * by 2020, Finland
should restrict the greenhouse gas emissions of sectors outside the emissions trade, such as accommodation, agriculture and
transport, by 16% compared to the current status * an EU-wide emission ceiling is proposed for companies within the scope
of emissions trading; in 2020 this ceiling will be 21% lower compared to the emission level of 2005. If an international climate
treaty is concluded, targets for emission reduction will be made stricter for the sectors within, as well as those outside,
the scope of emissions trading. This set of obligations would require extremely strict measures applicable to all energy consumers
and producers. Additionally, structural changes in forestry, for example, may have significant consequences, since, through
its production processes, the sector produces the majority of renewable energy. It is also possible that the forest industry
will invest heavily in new biorefineries, which would signifi-cantly increase the use of renewable energy. Finland must fulfil
the targets to be agreed within the EU for reducing greenhouse gases and increasing renewable energy. Strong measures are
required, and new steering methods, such as the feed-in tariff, will be deployed. Increasing renewable energy and energy efficiency
will improve the self-sufficiency and delivery accuracy of energy procurement. They will also assist in ensuring that the
price of electricity remains moderate. Energy production in Finland is fairly fragmented. However, new opportunities are opening
up regionally, especially in the field of bioenergy production. Natural resources and the related knowhow, as well as international
business activities, offer new opportunities for the countryside and peripheral areas in particular. Energy efficiency can
be promoted in a variety of ways, for example by restricting inefficient energy use, developing technologies and increasing
information. However, the key incentive towards energy efficiency is the price of energy, which will reach high levels due,
for example, to the emissions trade. Ensuring the competitiveness of renewable forms of energy will require the further development
of technology, logistics and business. There are vast, expanding markets for knowhow in the fields of decentralised and renewable
energy production. Definition of target policies: Promote the use of renewable energy.
Objective(s):
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