IV: Regional Conflicts
Work with others to Defuse Regional Conflicts Other Information:
Concerned nations must remain actively engaged in critical regional disputes to avoid explosive escalation and minimize human
suffering. In an increasingly interconnected world, regional crisis can strain our alliances, rekindle rivalries among the
major powers, and create horrifying affronts to human dignity.When violence erupts and states falter, the United States will
work with friends and partners to alleviate suffering and restore stability. No doctrine can anticipate every circumstance
in which U.S. action—direct or indirect—is warranted.We have finite political, economic, and military resources to meet our
global priorities. The United States will approach each case with these strategic principles in mind: • The United States
should invest time and resources into building international relationships and institutions that can help manage local crises
when they emerge. • The United States should be realistic about its ability to help those who are unwilling or unready to
help themselves.Where and when people are ready to do their part, we will be willing to move decisively. The Israeli-Palestinian
conflict is critical because of the toll of human suffering, because of America’s close relationship with the state of Israel
and key Arab states, and because of that region’s importance to other global priorities of the United States. There can be
no peace for either side without freedom for both sides. America stands committed to an independent and democratic Palestine,
living beside Israel in peace and security. Like all other people, Palestinians deserve a government that serves their interests
and listens to their voices. The United States will continue to encourage all parties to step up to their responsibilities
as we seek a just and comprehensive settlement to the conflict. The United States, the international donor community, and
the World Bank stand ready to work with a reformed Palestinian government on economic development, increased humanitarian
assistance, and a program to establish, finance, and monitor a truly independent judiciary. If Palestinians embrace democracy,
and the rule of law, confront corruption, and firmly reject terror, they can count on American support for the creation of
a Palestinian state. Israel also has a large stake in the success of a democratic Palestine. Permanent occupation threatens
Israel’s identity and democracy. So the United States continues to challenge Israeli leaders to take concrete steps to support
the emergence of a viable, credible Palestinian state. As there is progress towards security, Israel forces need to withdraw
fully to positions they held prior to September 28, 2000. And consistent with the recommendations of the Mitchell Committee,
Israeli settlement activity in the occupied territories must stop. As violence subsides, freedom of movement should be restored,
permitting innocent Palestinians to resume work and normal life. The United States can play a crucial role but, ultimately,
lasting peace can only come when Israelis and Palestinians resolve the issues and end the conflict between them. In South
Asia, the United States has also emphasized the need for India and Pakistan to resolve their disputes. This Administration
invested time and resources building strong bilateral relations with India and Pakistan. These strong relations then gave
us leverage to play a constructive role when tensions in the region became acute.With Pakistan, our bilateral relations have
been bolstered by Pakistan’s choice to join the war against terror and move toward building a more open and tolerant society.
The Administration sees India’s potential to become one of the great democratic powers of the twentyfirst century and has
worked hard to transform our relationship accordingly. Our involvement in this regional dispute, building on earlier investments
in bilateral relations, looks first to concrete steps by India and Pakistan that can help defuse military confrontation. Indonesia
took courageous steps to create a working democracy and respect for the rule of law. By tolerating ethnic minorities, respecting
the rule of law, and accepting open markets, Indonesia may be able to employ the engine of opportunity that has helped lift
some of its neighbors out of poverty and desperation. It is the initiative by Indonesia that allows U.S. assistance to make
a difference. In the Western Hemisphere we have formed flexible coalitions with countries that share our priorities, particularly
Mexico, Brazil, Canada, Chile, and Colombia. Together we will promote a truly democratic hemisphere where our integration
advances security, prosperity, opportunity, and hope.We will work with regional institutions, such as the Summit of the Americas
process, the Organization of American States (OAS), and the Defense Ministerial of the Americas for the benefit of the entire
hemisphere. Parts of Latin America confront regional conflict, especially arising from the violence of drug cartels and their
accomplices. This conflict and unrestrained narcotics trafficking could imperil the health and security of the United States.
Therefore we have developed an active strategy to help the Andean nations adjust their economies, enforce their laws, defeat
terrorist organizations, and cut off the supply of drugs, while—as important—we work to reduce the demand for drugs in our
own country. In Colombia, we recognize the link between terrorist and extremist groups that challenge the security of the
state and drug trafficking activities that help finance the operations of such groups. We are working to help Colombia defend
its democratic institutions and defeat illegal armed groups of both the left and right by extending effective sovereignty
over the entire national territory and provide basic security to the Colombian people. In Africa, promise and opportunity
sit side by side with disease, war, and desperate poverty. This threatens both a core value of the United States— preserving
human dignity—and our strategic priority—combating global terror. American interests and American principles, therefore, lead
in the same direction: we will work with others for an African continent that lives in liberty, peace, and growing prosperity.
Together with our European allies, we must help strengthen Africa’s fragile states, help build indigenous capability to secure
porous borders, and help build up the law enforcement and intelligence infrastructure to deny havens for terrorists. An ever
more lethal environment exists in Africa as local civil wars spread beyond borders to create regional war zones. Forming coalitions
of the willing and cooperative security arrangements are key to confronting these emerging transnational threats. Africa’s
great size and diversity requires a security strategy that focuses on bilateral engagement and builds coalitions of the willing.
This Administration will focus on three interlocking strategies for the region: • countries with major impact on their neighborhood
such as South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, and Ethiopia are anchors for regional engagement and require focused attention; • coordination
with European allies and international institutions is essential for constructive conflict mediation and successful peace
operations; and • Africa’s capable reforming states and sub-regional organizations must be strengthened as the primary means
to address transnational threats on a sustained basis. Ultimately the path of political and economic freedom presents the
surest route to progress in sub-Saharan Africa, where most wars are conflicts over material resources and political access
often tragically waged on the basis of ethnic and religious difference. The transition to the African Union with its stated
commitment to good governance and a common responsibility for democratic political systems offers opportunities to strengthen
democracy on the continent.
Objective(s):
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